Bombus fraternus

Genus-level evidence

22 claims where the source named the organism only at the genus or collective level (e.g. Bombus sp.) and did not determine the species. Listed separately because they apply to the genus, not specifically to Bombus fraternus.

• parasitism · Psithyrus spp. → Bombus spp. · effect: harmful

  “they enter the nest, kill the queen, and take over her role”

  Goulson D. (2010) · Bumblebees: Behaviour, Ecology, and Conservation (Second Edition) · p. 12 #6492350
• parasitism · Sphaerularia bombi → Bombus spp. · effect: harmful

  “Infected queens become increasingly sluggish and eventually die in spring or early summer”

  Goulson D. (2010) · Bumblebees: Behaviour, Ecology, and Conservation (Second Edition) · p. 71 #6492419
• parasitism · Parasitellus spp. → Bombus spp. · effect: context_dependent

  “up to 165 deutonymphs on a single B. lapidarius queen”

  Goulson D. (2010) · Bumblebees: Behaviour, Ecology, and Conservation (Second Edition) · p. 72 #6492420
• parasitism · Locustacarus buchneri → Bombus spp. · effect: harmful

  “L. buchneri is truly parasitic, feeding directly on the haemolymph of its host”

  Goulson D. (2010) · Bumblebees: Behaviour, Ecology, and Conservation (Second Edition) · p. 72 #6492421
• parasitism · Conopidae (family) → Bombus spp. · effect: harmful

  “leads to the death of the host bee about 10–12 days after infection”

  Goulson D. (2010) · Bumblebees: Behaviour, Ecology, and Conservation (Second Edition) · p. 62 #6492422
• parasitism · Mutilla europaea → Bombus spp. · effect: harmful

  “She invades bee nests and lays her eggs in the pupal cocoons”

  Goulson D. (2010) · Bumblebees: Behaviour, Ecology, and Conservation (Second Edition) · p. 65 #6492423
• parasitism · Antherophagus nigricornis → Bombus spp. · effect: harmful

  “beetle climbs onto a flower, hitches a ride to a nest”

  Goulson D. (2010) · Bumblebees: Behaviour, Ecology, and Conservation (Second Edition) · p. 74 #6492449
• parasitism · Bombus (Psithyrus) spp. → Bombus spp. · effect: harmful

  “In the genus Bombus, the subgenus Psithyrus is entirely parasitic”

  Michener C.D. (2007) · The Bees of the World, Second Edition · p. 30 #6492483
• parasitism · Bombus (Psithyrus) spp. → Bombus spp. · effect: harmful

  “In the social parasite Bombus (Psithyrus) the number ranges from 6 to 18”

  Michener C.D. (2007) · The Bees of the World, Second Edition · p. 41 #6492520
• pest pressure · Apis mellifera → Bombus spp. · effect: harmful

  “Impacts of non-native bees and commercial beekeeping”

  Goulson D. (2010) · Bumblebees: Behaviour, Ecology, and Conservation (Second Edition) · p. 188 #6492351
• pest pressure · imidacloprid → Bombus spp. · effect: harmful

  “neonicotinoid use negatively associated with bumble bee distributions”

  Garibaldi L.A., et al. (2024) · Impact of pesticide use on wild bee distributions across the United States · p. 1 #6495193
• pest pressure · clothianidin → Bombus spp. · effect: harmful

  “clothianidin negatively associated with wild bee occupancy”

  Garibaldi L.A., et al. (2024) · Impact of pesticide use on wild bee distributions across the United States · p. 1 #6495194
• pest pressure · thiamethoxam → Bombus spp. · effect: harmful

  “thiamethoxam negatively associated with bee distributions”

  Garibaldi L.A., et al. (2024) · Impact of pesticide use on wild bee distributions across the United States · p. 1 #6495195
• pest pressure · pyrethroid (class) → Bombus spp. · effect: harmful

  “pyrethroids negatively associated with bee distributions”

  Garibaldi L.A., et al. (2024) · Impact of pesticide use on wild bee distributions across the United States · p. 1 #6495198
• pest pressure · Neonicotinoidea (class) → Bombus spp. · effect: harmful

  “neonicotinoids impair bumblebee foraging and reproduction”

  Garibaldi L.A., et al. (2024) · Impact of pesticide use on wild bee distributions across the United States #6495204
• pollination · Bombus spp. → Solanum lycopersicum · effect: beneficial

  “other Bombus species that do the same job elsewhere”

  Michener C.D. (2007) · The Bees of the World, Second Edition · p. 4 #6492475
• pollination · Bombus spp. → Solanum lycopersicum · effect: beneficial

  “bumblebees buzz pollinate tomato flowers”

  Garibaldi L.A., et al. (2024) · Impact of pesticide use on wild bee distributions across the United States #6495203
• pollination · Bombus spp. → Plantae · effect: harmful

  “bumble bee ranges contracting at warm range margins under warming”

  Halsch C.A., Shapiro A.M., Fordyce J.A., Nice C.C., Thorne J.H., Waetjen D.P., Forister M.L. (2021) · Insects and recent climate change #6495207
• pollination · Bombus spp. → Solanum lycopersicum · effect: beneficial

  “Bumble bees are important pollinators of tomatoes, eggplants, peppers and melons”

  Garibaldi L.A., et al. (2024) · Impact of pesticide use on wild bee distributions across the United States · p. 1327 #6495809
• pollination · Bombus spp. → Solanum melongena · effect: beneficial

  “Bumble bees are important pollinators of tomatoes, eggplants, peppers and melons”

  Garibaldi L.A., et al. (2024) · Impact of pesticide use on wild bee distributions across the United States · p. 1327 #6495810
• pollination · Bombus spp. → Capsicum annuum · effect: beneficial

  “Bumble bees are important pollinators of tomatoes, eggplants, peppers and melons”

  Garibaldi L.A., et al. (2024) · Impact of pesticide use on wild bee distributions across the United States · p. 1327 #6495811
• pollination · Bombus spp. → Cucumis melo · effect: beneficial

  “Bumble bees are important pollinators of tomatoes, eggplants, peppers and melons”

  Garibaldi L.A., et al. (2024) · Impact of pesticide use on wild bee distributions across the United States · p. 1327 #6495812